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Subramanian, K. G.
- Estimation of CTAB in Water by Ion Chromatography
Abstract Views :430 |
PDF Views:152
Authors
Affiliations
1 Reactor Operations & Maintenance Group, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam-603102 (TN), IN
1 Reactor Operations & Maintenance Group, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam-603102 (TN), IN
Source
Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 3, No 7 (2010), Pagination: 718-719Abstract
Surfactants are used in cooling water systems to keep the precipitating chemicals in dispersed condition and thus to deter the scale formation. The choice of using cationic or anionic surfactant as dispersants depends on the chemical nature of the raw water. At the same time, estimation of surfactants at trace level has always been a challenge. In the present study, Cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB), a cationic surfactant, is estimated at ppm level using high pressure ion chromatography in water medium. The CTAB is estimated here in raw water, domestic waste water and cooling water.Keywords
Surfactants, Dispersants, CTAB, High Pressure Ion ChromatographyFull Text
References
- Abd-Allah Aly MA and Tarek S (1998) Biodegradation of anionic surfactants in the presence of organic contaminants, Water Res. 32(3), 944.
- Garcia MT, Campos E, Sanchez- Leal J and Ribosa I (1999) Effect of the alkyl chain length on the anaerobic biodegradability and toxicity of quaternary ammonium based surfactants, Chemosphere, 38(15), 3473.
- Gomathi H, Subramanian G, Chandra N and Prbhakara Rao G. Solid state halide ion-selective electrodes: studies of quaternary ammonium halide solutions and determinations of surfactants, Talanta. 30(11), 861.
- Ross JT (1970) Cationic surfactants. E. Jungermann (ed.), Chap. 13, Dekker, NY.
- Determination of Heavy Metals in Condenser Cooling Water System of FBTR
Abstract Views :379 |
PDF Views:118
Authors
Affiliations
1 On deputation to IGCAR from BHAVINI
2 Technical Services Division, ROMG, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam (TN), IN
1 On deputation to IGCAR from BHAVINI
2 Technical Services Division, ROMG, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam (TN), IN
Source
Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 3, No 12 (2010), Pagination: 1222-1223Abstract
Fast Breeder Test Reactor (FBTR) is a 40MWt/13Mwe, sodium cooled nuclear reactor. Its cooling water system (CWS) consists of an open re-circulating type with an induced draft cooling tower and Palar river water is used the cooling medium. The metallurgy of CWS consists of carbon steel, copper, admiralty brass, aluminum brass, bronze, cupronickel etc. The possible release of metals (including heavy metals) to the environment from the CWS as a result of corrosion or due to the cooling water treatment chemicals are examined in this study using High Pressure Ion Chromatography (HPIC). The Zinc and Nickel concentrations in the makeup water as well as CWS blow down samples were found to at trace level. The concentrations of transition metals are well within the general standards for discharge of Environmental pollutants.Keywords
FBTR, Cooling Water, Water Analysis, Effluent, HPICFull Text
References
- G.E.Power & Water (2010) Chapter-31: Open recirculating cooling systems. Water and Process Technologies. Accessed on Jan 16 2010. Available at: http://www.gewater.com/handbook/cooli ng_water_systems/ch_31_open.jsp
- Hans-Gunter Heitmann (1993) Hand book of power plant chemistry. CRC Press, USA. pp: 514-535.
- Modern Power Station Practice (1992) Chemistry and Metallurgy. Volume E, 3rd Ed., British Electricity Intl., Pergamon Press, London. pp: 218-313.